Dry eyes are a condition where the eyes are not able to produce enough lubrication. Tears help our eyes stay healthy. Without enough tears, the eyes dry quickly, leading to irritation and pain. Here are some of the types of dry eyes and their treatment options.

1. Types of dry eyes

Aqueous tear-deficient dry eyes
Aqueous tear-deficient dry eyes are a result of insufficient tear production. The lacrimal gland in the corner of the eyes produces tears. Sometimes, this gland may not produce enough tears to keep the eyes lubricated, leading to dry eyes. Below are certain health conditions that may lead to the underproduction of tears.

• Diabetes
• Lupus
• Vitamin A deficiency
• Rheumatoid arthritis

People on antidepressants, blood pressure medications, birth control medications, and Parkinson’s medications are also at high risk for developing aqueous tear-deficient dry eyes.

Evaporative dry eyes
The meibomian glands are located at the corners of the eyelids. These glands produce an oil-like liquid that combines with the watery secretion and improves lubrication. When the meibomian glands don’t work as well as they ought to, there is less oil secretion, and the tears evaporate very quickly, leading to blurred vision and dryness. These types of dry eyes are common as people age.

2. Treatment options for dry eyes

Home remedies
For clogged glands that don’t produce tears, a warm compress can help. Apply a warm compress on closed eyes every two to three hours until you see a difference in the symptoms. Omega-3 fatty acid supplements can help improve lubrication naturally in the eyes with time. Talk about them with your doctor. In some individuals, contact lenses can lead to dry eyes. Switching over to glasses will provide relief.

OTC eye drops
Many over-the-counter eye drops are safe for treating dry eyes. These drops usually contain artificial tears that help lubricate the eyes and keep them moist.

Prescription drops
If OTC drops don’t work well, then your eyes may need something more effective. In that case, visit an ophthalmologist and opt for medications that can prevent dry eyes . Antibiotic eye drops, anti-inflammatory drops, and immunosuppressant medications are all prescription options for dryness in the eyes.

Surgery
Dry eyes can be very problematic and repetitive for some people. In that case, two types of surgeries can help.

• Temporarily closing the tear-drainage holes in the eyes to retain lubrication .
• Permanently closing the drainage holes in the eyes to handle chronic cases of dry eyes .

Studies show that more than five million Americans aged 50 and above struggle with dry eyes and get treated for the same. The number can be even higher as most people ignore the symptoms and don’t visit a doctor.