Cancer that begins in the large intestine or colon is known as colon cancer. The colon is the final part of a person’s digestive tract. It can happen to people of almost every age group. There are several ways to diagnose and treat this cancer, including these medications Opdivo, Yervoy , Clonoseq, and Qinlock. However, it depends on the stage and health of the patient. Read on to know more about the causes, symptoms, and diagnosis methods for colon cancer.

1. Causes of colon cancer
Medical research has so far not found any specific causes for colon cancer. However, there are certain risk factors that can increase one’s chances of developing colon cancer. Read on to know more.

Family history of cancer: People with blood relatives suffering from colon cancer are highly susceptible to it.

Smoking and alcohol: Heavy drinking and smoking are injurious can also increase the odds of developing colon cancer.

Sedentary lifestyle: Physical activity is good for the health. And lack of physical activity can cause obesity, diabetes, and even colon cancer.

2. Symptoms of colon cancer

Bleeding from rectum: One of the early signs of colon cancer is bleeding from the rectum or traces of blood in the stool.

Fatigue:  People with colon cancer can experience exhaustion without working or exercising.

Abdominal cramps: Excessive gas, recurring cramps in the abdomen, or any sort of consistent discomfort are symptoms of colon cancer.

Change in bowel movements: Constipation and diarrhea or changes in the consistency of stools are early signs of colon cancer as well.

3. Diagnosis of colon cancer
If one experiences symptoms of colon cancer , it can be diagnosed via the tests and procedures mentioned below.

Blood tests: Doctors usually recommend blood tests first to diagnose colon cancer. Blood tests help evaluate the efficiency of a person’s liver and kidney functions.

Colonoscopy: A long and slender tube attached with a camera is used to check the health of the colon.

X-ray: Medical experts conduct X-rays using radioactive contrast solution. The contrast liquid is inserted in the bowels for better evaluation.

Sigmoidoscopy: This procedure is minimally invasive and helps doctors check the last part of the colon, also known as sigmoid colon. The process involves the use of a thin and flexible tube with a light attached to the end.

CT-scan: A very detailed picture of the colon can be derived via this test. This test is also called virtual colonoscopy.

Prevention of colon cancer includes following a healthy lifestyle. Moreover, early diagnosis of colon cancer increases the chances of successful treatment and complete cure.